Agriculture

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          Agriculture

            124 Archival description results for Agriculture

            43 results directly related Exclude narrower terms
            Field record maps.
            IE OCL P131/4/8 · File · 1976 - 1988
            Part of Loughton Papers

            Field record maps from 1976-1988 showing what each field will be used for.

            Untitled
            IE OCL P131/5/8 · Item · 6 January 1936-1943
            Part of Loughton Papers

            Summary account book containing information regarding cattle sheep dividends, poor rates, repairs and maintenance, sundry expenses, milk record and service fees.

            IE OH OHS48 · Fonds · 1870-1920

            13 volumes of photograph albums, known to Offaly Historical and Archaeological Society as the Magan-Biddulph Collection. complied by Lt. Col. Middleton Westenra Biddulph, landowner of the Rathrobin estate, near Mountbolus, County Offaly. Biddulph was born in Rathrobin in 1849, the eldest surviving son of Francis Marsh Biddulph and Lucy Bickerstaff. The Biddulph family's landholding was principally in the townlands of Rathrobin and those adjoining of Clonseer, Cormeen, Kilmore and Mullaghcrohy, all near Mountbolus, in the civil parish of Killoughy and the barony of Ballyboy. Middleton Biddulph enlisted with the Northumberland Fusiliers (Fifth Regiment) in 1867, rising to the ranks of Lieutenant Colonel before his retirement in 1896. Following his retirement, Biddulph and his wife, Vera Josephine Flower, returned to Rathrobin and rebuilt the old house over the period 1898 to 1900. Biddulph served as High Sheriff for King's County in 1901, and was appointed Deputy Lieutenant of the county in 1910.

            As a keen amateur photographer, Biddulph used a quarter plate camera to document his various areas of interest including; his military career with the Northumberland Fusiliers; visits to country houses across Ireland, England and Scotland; members of the Biddulph and Magan family; visits around Ireland as part of the Royal Society of Antiquarians; interior and exterior photographs of Rathrobin House; agricultural work on the estate. There is also an extent of photographs of tenant families and employees of the Rathrobin estate, featured across the photograph albums.

            Biddulph and his wife left for England in June 1921 as the military campaign of the IRA in the locality intensified, and Rathrobin House was destroyed by Republican IRA forces in April 1923. While he seemed to have planned to return to Ireland after this, an attack on his land agent and niece, Violet Magan, and his own declining health delayed plans to do so, and he died in Chelsea in May 1926. The albums were presented to Offaly Historical and Archaeological Society in 1997 by Brigadier William Magan, a nephew of the photographer.

            Untitled
            Farm Accounts
            IE OH OHS4/Q · Series · 1947-1973
            Part of Charleville Estate Papers

            Ledgers and posters relating to the timber and turbary accounts of Charleville Estate company.

            Untitled
            Annual Report 1865
            IE OCCHO DIGBY/A/9 · Item · 1865
            Part of Digby Irish Estates

            Annual report for year ending 1865 containing details of the rental of the estate and the slow recovery of the financial situation. Describes the low level of emigration from the estate in comparison to the rest of Ireland. Also describes drainage and land improvements at Ballyknockan, Ballycollin and Annagharvey, and at the new farm known as 'The Prairie.' Reports on tillage of corn and the sowing of grain, rape, grass-seed and potatoes.

            Reports on the transformation of the village of Killeigh from a state where peripheral houses had already fallen in and the houses on the main street had become too dangerous and too exposed to the weather to live in, to newly built cottages which were entered for competition of Gold Medal of the Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland for the best cottages in the province of Leinster and also won the challenge cup offered by the Duke of Leinster. Other buildings include a new house for the miller at Killeigh and Odlum of Ballymooney required extensive additions to his premises. A long range of offices were built for Mr Denning in Cappancur and a new forge was built in Ballinagar.

            Also reports on the clearance of Clonad Woods and the purchase of an interest in a considerable plantation in Ballydownan. Regarding threats from Ribbonmen, the report states that Killurin is now the only part of the estate subject to outrages, chiefly of the robberies of foresters of the estate. Also reports that emigration rates have fallen and only sons and daughters of small farmers are leaving for America to join other family members.

            Annual Report 1868
            IE OCCHO DIGBY/A/12 · Item · 1868
            Part of Digby Irish Estates

            Annual report and rental for year end June 1868, containing details of the finances of the estate, and developments inn drainage, land improvement, waste farms, tillage, woods and plantations. Main drains were completed at Meelaghans and Ballinvally, and 'thoro' drains were completed at Ballyknockan, Ballymooney and Killurin. All the drainage schemes were entered into a competition offered by the Royal Agricultural Society of Ireland for best drained land. Discusses farming and the merits of various types of fertilizer: Dublin manure, woolen rags or bone-dust. Also reports on the construction of a movable 'Russian Village', as seen at the Paris Exhibition in 1867, for easily housing labourers as they move around to work on various parts of the estate.

            Reports that a new building yard has been acquired next to the house of the architect, Thomas Mallinson, in Geashill Village, and also that a new machinery shed has been constructed to house the steam-engine, the threshing mill and other implements. In relation to repairs to tenants' houses, the report outlines there is much yet to be done, but that Lord Digby has won the gold medal from the RASI for repairs in the best manner for the greatest number of houses in Leinster. He was also awarded a bronze medal at the Paris Exhibition of 1867 for models of cottages exhibited.

            Discussing the general condition of the estate, Trench notes that the 'slight stains of Fenianism have been washed away by time and people now look at it as a thing of the past.' He also notes the death of the 3rd Earl of Rosse, the Lord Lieutenant of King's County, 'celebrated for his monster telescope and scientific acquirements.' Appendix contains a copy letter from Thomas Mallinson, Geashill architect, to T. W. Trench, reporting on a visit to London to inspect the manufacture and use of concrete to build houses. Declines to recommend concrete-built houses for the Geashill estate due to the expense and the varied character of the houses.

            Annual Report 1872
            IE OCCHO DIGBY/A/16 · Item · 1872
            Part of Digby Irish Estates

            Annual report and rental for year end June 1872, reporting a very satisfactory financial situation and an overview of receipts and disbursements on the estate. Notes that drainage and land improvements continued but that there was an increased difficulty in sourcing labourers. Main drains were completed at Killurin and Gorteen, and a thorough drain was built at Bawnmore. Reports that sums were expended on extensive fencing and top-dressing of lands. The village inn was completely remodelled and 'now forms one of the most striking features of the village.' Also report that the woods and plantations were more profitable than usual with a large contract won for the supply of ash timber to a Liverpool merchant. Oak and larch plantations were established on the land between the River Clodiagh and the new embankment. Describes the general condition of the estate as 'most satisfactory' and entirely free from violence and lawlessness. Notes, however, that Mr Flanagan, a tenant, disputed the right of Lord Digby to his property but failed at his attempt in doing so.

            Roskeen rentals are missing from this volume in order to combine the accounts of the Geashill and Roskeen estates into one. They will appear in subsequent annual reports. John Townsend Trench signs for his father, William S. Trench, who may have already passed away (August 1872) by the time the report was submitted.

            Annual Report 1873
            IE OCCHO DIGBY/C/1 · Item · 1873
            Part of Digby Irish Estates

            Annual report, accounts and rental for year ending June 1873, containing positive reports on the financial condition of the estate with only 'trifling arrears' of £32 and a general increase in overall rental income. Expenditure consisted of main drainage of lands at Roskeen, Queen's County; the reclamation of the bog at Killurin; thorough drainage at Bawnmore; construction of two new cottages in Geashill Village and a substantial range of offices for Mr Warren of Gorteen. Also comments on the scarcity of labour on the estate due to emigration to America, and that the 'Russian Village' (portable labourers' housing) has been moved to Cappyroe from Ballyknockan.

            Regrets to say that relations with the tenantry are not entirely satisfactory. Tenants without a written contract were asked to sign one but the parish priest, using 'the extraordinary and mischievous power which an Irish priest possesses over an ignorant Roman Catholic tenantry', informed tenants that by signing they will exclude themselves from any benefit under the Land Act.

            Describes the eviction of Mr. O'Flanagan, a large tenant on the estate, who had tried to establish 'tenant-right' through the courts but 'failed signally, as at the last moment before the claim came before the Chairman of the Quarter Sessions, Mr. O'Flanagan signed a paper admitting that he had no claim whatever to tenant-right in his holding.'